بنك أسئلة الوحدة 1: تكنولوجيا المعلومات والمجتمع

1. In which period did personal computers (PCs) spread and individuals begin using computers?

1. The 1970s and 1980s
2. The 1940s through 1960s
3. The 1990s and the 2000s
4. The 2000s

2. Which observation says the transistor count on a chip roughly doubles about every two years?

1. Quantum tunneling
2. Moore's Law
3. Edge computing
4. Cloud computing

3. Doing your job from home or another distant place over the Internet is called…

1. E-commerce
2. Cashless payment
3. Remote work
4. Online learning

4. What does SNS (Social Networking Service) refer to?

1. Websites where goods and services are bought and sold online
2. Methods of paying for purchases without using paper money
3. Systems that deliver lessons over the Internet
4. Platforms where users communicate, post and share information

5. Which technology processes data on the device itself, rather than in the cloud, to cut decision delays?

1. Edge computing
2. Cloud computing
3. Quantum computing
4. Online learning

6. Which statement correctly describes augmented reality (AR)?

1. It lets people pay for goods by scanning QR codes with phones
2. It adds digital information on top of a view of the real world
3. It places the user inside a world built by a computer
4. It uses quantum mechanics to process information much faster

7. How is a qubit different from a classical bit?

1. It works only with ordinary circuits and steady current
2. It can be used only for small and simple calculations
3. It can be a combination of 0 and 1 at once through superposition
4. It always holds one definite value, either 0 or 1, at a time

8. Which description matches cashless payment?

1. Buying goods in physical shops using paper money only
2. Doing your job from home using the Internet and email
3. Receiving lessons through the Internet
4. Paying with cards, phone apps or QR codes instead of cash

9. When did the Internet open to commercial use and the World Wide Web appear?

1. The 1990s
2. The 1970s–1980s
3. The 2000s
4. The 1940s–1960s

10. Which technology lets AI drive a car using cameras and sensors to sense the road and decide?

1. Quantum computing
2. Autonomous driving
3. Virtual reality
4. Cloud computing

11. Which term means IT resources delivered as a service over the Internet, supporting big data and AI?

1. Quantum superposition
2. Classical bit storage
3. Cloud computing
4. Edge computing

12. What does virtual reality (VR) do?

1. It shows digital labels on a live view of the real world
2. It handles data on the device itself instead of in the cloud
3. It allows payments with electronic money and QR codes
4. It immerses the user in a world created entirely by a computer

13. Smartphones appeared and mobile Internet use exploded during…

1. the 2000s
2. the 1990s
3. the 1940s
4. the 1960s and 1970s

14. Adding digital elements to a view of the real world is known as…

1. Cloud computing
2. Augmented reality (AR)
3. Virtual reality (VR)
4. Autonomous driving

15. What does Moore's Law state?

1. The power ordinary computers consume doubles every year
2. Computing power slowly decreases as the years go by
3. The transistor count on a chip roughly doubles every two years
4. The transistor count on a chip stays the same over time

16. Lessons and study materials delivered fully or partly over the Internet are called…

1. Remote work
2. E-commerce shopping
3. Cashless payment
4. Online learning

17. Early electronic computers such as ENIAC, built with vacuum tubes and used for military and scientific work, appeared in…

1. the 1940s
2. the 1970s
3. the 1990s
4. the 2000s

18. Which kind of computing applies quantum mechanics and may give an advantage on certain hard problems?

1. Home computing
2. Quantum computing
3. Edge computing
4. Cloud computing

19. Platforms that let people communicate, post and share content so information spreads fast are…

1. Remote work tools
2. Cloud computing service providers
3. Social networking services
4. E-commerce sites

20. An accountant does all her company tasks from home using video calls and email. Which social change does this show?

1. Online learning
2. E-commerce
3. Edge computing
4. Remote work

1. Which broad field covers computer systems that can learn, predict and recognize speech and images?

1. Artificial intelligence
2. Machine learning (ML)
3. Deep learning (DL)
4. Generative AI (GenAI)

2. Where does machine learning sit among AI technologies?

1. A fixed set of rules that programmers write by hand
2. A branch of AI whose models learn patterns from data
3. A separate field that uses only unconnected neural networks
4. A tool that makes images and videos without any training data

3. Which approach in machine learning uses neural networks with many layers to learn complex patterns?

1. Generative AI
2. Rule-based programming
3. Deep learning
4. Spam filtering

4. What do generative AI systems mainly do?

1. Sort incoming emails into spam and not spam without creating anything
2. Write fixed rules by hand for older computers
3. Double the number of transistors on a chip
4. Create new content such as text, images, audio and programs

5. Most modern generative AI systems create new content by relying on…

1. deep learning models and neural networks
2. rules that programmers write by hand for each case
3. edge computing and Moore's Law
4. fixed classical bits and vacuum tubes

6. When generative AI writes text, what does "hallucination" mean?

1. Sorting spam emails with very high accuracy
2. Text that sounds reasonable but contains false facts
3. Stopping the answer because the Internet connection failed
4. Images that match reality with complete accuracy

7. Which of these tools is NOT a generative AI application?

1. An AI image generator
2. An AI tool that makes audio clips
3. A spam filter
4. ChatGPT writing text

8. What is an artificial neural network built from?

1. Vacuum tubes linked together by simple electrical circuits
2. Fixed rules written as straight-line instructions that never change
3. Manual switches that control the electric current inside the processor
4. Connected layers of neurons whose weights change during training

9. Which branch of AI lets models learn patterns from data to predict or classify, without coding every rule?

1. Machine learning
2. Deep learning
3. Generative AI
4. Traditional programming

10. Image analysis and speech recognition with multi-layer neural networks is a job for which approach?

1. Cloud computing
2. Deep learning
3. Traditional programming
4. Generative AI

11. A system loosely modeled on connected neurons, whose weights are adjusted in training, is called…

1. a classical bit register
2. a vacuum tube circuit
3. an artificial neural network
4. a quantum processor array

12. Generative AI gives an answer that seems sensible but is factually wrong. This is called…

1. quantum superposition
2. edge computing
3. linear processing
4. hallucination

13. Which of these is a direct use of machine learning?

1. Spam filters and product recommendations
2. Paying for goods by scanning a QR code
3. Storing files on rented cloud servers
4. Doubling transistors on a chip

14. Which description fits generative AI (GenAI)?

1. A simple network with just one input layer and one output layer
2. AI that uses deep learning to produce new data such as text and images
3. A system whose only job is sorting spam emails and removing viruses
4. Computing that relies on quantum mechanics and parallel processing

15. In an artificial neural network, the layers between the input and output layers are called…

1. cloud layers
2. linear layers
3. hidden layers
4. edge layers

16. How can students reduce the risk of hallucinations when using generative AI for a school report?

1. Trust the output fully and skip any human review of it
2. Stop using phones and computers completely and forever
3. Copy the generated text and hand it in directly
4. Check the output and its sources against reliable facts

17. Most of today's AI systems are built to…

1. handle one specific task or a small set of tasks
2. copy human consciousness in every field without limits
3. program old household appliances by hand
4. run worldwide military communication networks only

18. A phone must recognize spoken words and analyze complex photos. Which technology suits this best?

1. E-commerce and cashless payment systems
2. Deep learning with multi-layer neural networks
3. Rules typed in by hand using fixed, step-by-step logic
4. Cloud storage with no AI involved at all

19. What is the main benefit of generative AI's speed for students writing reports?

1. It removes any need for textbooks and official school references
2. It stops hallucinations from happening at all
3. It saves time, but its information may still be wrong
4. It guarantees that every piece of information is fully accurate

20. Which practice is right when using generative AI tools for homework and projects?

1. Treat everything the tool produces as unquestionable fact
2. Skip writing your own research and let the AI do all of it
3. Hand in the AI's output without reading or reviewing it
4. Always check the information against the original sources

1. Which AI service predicts what you will like from your past behavior and suggests items?

1. Recommendation system
2. Voice assistant
3. Machine translation
4. Facial recognition system

2. Google Translate and DeepL are examples of which AI service?

1. Facial recognition system
2. Machine translation
3. Recommendation system
4. Voice assistant

3. What do we call an AI that recognizes speech, understands a command and carries it out, like Siri?

1. Machine translation
2. Face recognition
3. Voice assistant
4. Recommendation system

4. Which industry uses AI to find the best routes for delivering parcels?

1. Healthcare
2. Agriculture
3. Manufacturing
4. Logistics

5. Detecting diseases in X-ray and CT scan images is an AI application in which sector?

1. Healthcare
2. Agriculture
3. Manufacturing
4. Logistics

6. What is the main job of AI in farming?

1. Reading medical scans and helping discover new drugs
2. Predicting harvest time and spotting pests and diseases
3. Finding the shortest routes for delivery trucks
4. Checking product quality and predicting breakdowns

7. An AI states something false or unsupported in a convincing way. Which term describes this?

1. Algorithmic bias
2. Insufficient data
3. Hallucination
4. Black-box problem

8. In AI applications, what does the "black-box problem" refer to?

1. Producing false information that sounds convincing
2. Training on works that are protected by copyright
3. Training data that is too small or unrealistic
4. Not being able to see how the AI reached its judgment

9. Which AI service unlocks a phone and also finds and identifies faces in photos?

1. Face recognition
2. Recommendation system
3. Voice assistant
4. Machine translation

10. Inspecting product quality and predicting machine breakdowns before they happen is AI used in…

1. machine translation
2. manufacturing
3. image-based medical diagnosis
4. recommendation systems

11. Among the precautions for using AI, what is meant by "hallucination"?

1. Patterns in the training data that favor one group over the others
2. Using copyrighted works in training without permission
3. Giving false or unsupported answers that seem convincing
4. Not knowing how the system arrived at its decision

12. Which of these does AI do well?

1. Making final ethical judgments without any human role
2. Guaranteeing its outputs will never be biased
3. Protecting personal data with complete confidentiality
4. Finding and classifying patterns in complex data

13. You ask your phone, "What's the weather tomorrow?" and it answers out loud. Which AI service is this?

1. Voice assistant
2. Machine translation
3. Face recognition
4. Recommendation system

14. A shipping company uses AI to plan faster delivery routes. Which sector is this?

1. Manufacturing
2. Logistics
3. Agriculture
4. Healthcare

15. When nobody can explain why an AI made its decision, what is this called?

1. Probabilistic inference
2. Hallucination
3. Black-box problem
4. Algorithmic bias

16. Which ability is one of AI's strengths?

1. Making complex ethical decisions on its own
2. Giving perfectly accurate results without training data
3. Protecting personal data automatically in every case
4. Recognizing and generating images, audio and text

17. After you watch cooking videos, YouTube keeps suggesting more of them. Which AI service is at work?

1. Recommendation system
2. Voice assistant
3. Machine translation tool
4. Face recognition

18. Drones with AI cameras scan a field to spot pests early. Which sector benefits?

1. Logistics
2. Agriculture
3. Healthcare
4. Manufacturing

19. Ethical issues that could lead to discrimination belong to which part of the lesson?

1. Core skills needed for deep learning
2. How recommendation systems work
3. Areas that need caution when using AI
4. Tasks that AI is especially good at

20. How is bias in an AI system best defined?

1. Convincing answers that turn out to be false
2. A state that combines 0 and 1 at the same time
3. Estimating likely outcomes from data using probability
4. A pattern in its outputs that can lead to unfair results

1. Which of these is NOT a real cause of algorithmic bias?

1. A slow computer processor
2. Biased training data
3. Data that reflects past discrimination
4. Too little data about certain groups

2. What does "algorithmic bias" mean in AI systems?

1. Naming the parties who are responsible for an AI system and its effects
2. Bias in AI outputs that leads to unfair or harmful results
3. A way for people to understand why an AI made a decision
4. The proper handling and protection of personal data

3. Which choice best describes "training data"?

1. Naming who is responsible for a system and its decisions
2. Avoiding unfair treatment of any person or group
3. Examples an AI learns its patterns from before it is used
4. A method that shows people why an AI made a certain judgment

4. Which situation raises a privacy issue with AI?

1. Making AI calculations run faster on new hardware
2. Using AI tools to help artists with creative work
3. Designing microprocessors that use less electricity
4. Tracking people in public with face recognition

5. Which term names technology that helps humans see the reasons behind an AI's decision?

1. Explainable AI (XAI)
2. Cloud computing
3. Generative AI (GenAI)
4. Algorithmic bias

6. According to the lesson, how do responsibility and accountability differ?

1. They mean exactly the same thing and can be used in place of each other
2. Responsibility sets roles and duties; accountability is who must answer for them
3. Responsibility shows how a decision was reached; accountability means fixing it fast
4. Accountability means understanding AI logic; responsibility means collecting data

7. Which ethics principle requires that an AI not treat any person or group unfairly?

1. Accountability
2. Privacy protection
3. Fairness
4. Transparency

8. Which principle means giving clear, suitable information about a system, its use, how it decides and its limits?

1. Fairness
2. Privacy protection
3. Accountability
4. Transparency

9. An unfair or harmful pattern in AI outputs that comes from the data or the system design is called…

1. algorithmic bias
2. explainable AI (XAI)
3. absolute transparency
4. privacy protection

10. Which technique lets humans understand an AI's reasoning and helps avoid the black-box problem?

1. Algorithmic bias
2. Explainable AI (XAI)
3. Edge computing
4. Generative AI (GenAI)

11. Which principle is about handling personal information properly and keeping it safe?

1. Accountability
2. Explainable AI (XAI)
3. Privacy protection
4. Transparency

12. Naming the parties responsible for a system, its decisions and effects, so they can answer for them, is the principle of…

1. transparency
2. fairness
3. privacy protection
4. accountability

13. The examples an AI learns from before use, which directly shape its output quality, are called…

1. training data
2. operating algorithms
3. peripheral devices
4. random access memory

14. An app explains to users what its AI does, how it makes decisions and where its limits are. Which principle is this?

1. Privacy protection
2. Transparency
3. Fairness
4. Accountability

15. A loan AI is checked so that it gives the same chances to applicants from every region. Which principle is being applied?

1. Privacy protection
2. Accountability
3. Fairness
4. Transparency

16. Which method helps people see the factors that led an AI to a specific output?

1. Algorithmic bias
2. Mass data storage
3. Network auditing
4. Explainable AI (XAI)

17. Defining the roles and duties of the developer, operator and user of an AI system refers to…

1. responsibility
2. algorithmic bias
3. training data
4. transparency

18. A system that gathers huge amounts of online behavior data and can track people in public raises concerns about…

1. Moore's Law
2. privacy protection
3. algorithm efficiency
4. memory efficiency

19. Which option correctly defines the principle of accountability?

1. Not discriminating against any person or group
2. Understanding the factors behind a specific AI output
3. A clear party is responsible for the AI's decisions
4. Giving clear information about a system and its limits

20. Which is a clear example of bias in an AI system?

1. A program that sorts personal folders on a local computer
2. An app that does simple arithmetic and geometry calculations
3. A tool that edits landscape photos and improves their lighting
4. A face recognition system that is less accurate for some groups